Chrysanthemums: The Secret to a Vibrant Fall Garden

Chrysanthemums, often simply called "mums," have a long and storied history dating back to ancient China, where they were cultivated as early as the 15th century B.C. Beloved for their vibrant colours and resilient blooms, mums have since become a symbol of autumn across many cultures. In Japan, they are even celebrated as a symbol of the emperor and are featured in festivals to mark the change of seasons.

Here in Sault Ste. Marie, mums are the quintessential fall flower, and for good reason. Their bold hues of yellow, orange, red, and purple can light up your garden just as the leaves start to change. With a little know-how, you can extend the blooming period and enjoy these gorgeous flowers throughout the fall.

Why Mums Reign Supreme in Fall Gardens

1. Late Blooms: Chrysanthemums bloom in late summer and early fall, right when most other garden plants are winding down. This makes them the perfect plant to extend the beauty of your garden well into October.
2. Vibrant Colours: Their bold colours create striking contrasts with the golden and rust-coloured foliage of autumn.
3. Versatility: Whether you plant them in the ground or keep them in pots, mums adapt easily and can brighten up both your landscape and your patio.
4. Frost-Tolerant: Mums are frost-tolerant, which means they’ll keep blooming even after the first chill in the air—a major bonus for northern gardeners!

Tips for Keeping Mums Blooming in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario

1. Plant Early for Perennials: If you're hoping to overwinter your mums, get them in the ground by early September. This gives their roots time to establish before the frost hits. Choose a spot that gets plenty of sunlight, as mums need at least six hours of direct sun per day to thrive.
2. Well-Draining Soil: Mums don't like wet feet! Plant them in well-drained soil to prevent root rot, especially during our rainy fall seasons. If you're planting in containers, ensure there’s good drainage.
3. Deadheading for More Blooms: As flowers start to fade, pinch them off to encourage more blooms. This simple trick can extend your chrysanthemum's blooming period, allowing you to enjoy flowers for longer.
4. Mulch for Protection: Apply a thick layer of mulch around your mums to help insulate the roots from harsh winter temperatures. A combination of mulch and proper soil drainage can make the difference between a perennial mum returning in spring and a one-season wonder.

Other Best Practices

• Fertilize Sparingly: If you're growing your mums as perennials, avoid heavy fertilization after August. Too much nitrogen will encourage leaf growth at the expense of blooms.
• Water Regularly: Chrysanthemums prefer consistent moisture, but be careful not to overwater, especially as temperatures drop.
• Pruning for Shape: Pinch back your mums in early summer to promote bushier growth and more flowers. However, avoid cutting them back in fall, as this can make them more susceptible to winter damage.

An Interesting Fact

Did you know that chrysanthemums are more than just pretty flowers? In Asia, chrysanthemum tea has been enjoyed for centuries for its potential health benefits, believed to help with everything from headaches to reducing inflammation. The petals are also edible and can add a bright, floral touch to your salads!

Chrysanthemums are the champions of the fall garden, especially in our northern Zone 4 climate. With proper care and the right variety, you can enjoy their beauty year after year. So, whether you're looking to add a splash of colour to your garden or brighten up your porch pots, mums are the way to go this fall!